{"id":2377,"date":"2025-08-21T17:48:39","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T09:48:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.3dptek.com\/?p=2377"},"modified":"2025-08-21T17:51:42","modified_gmt":"2025-08-21T09:51:42","slug":"how-3d-printing-solves-the-problem-of-high-scrap-rates-in-casting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.3dptek.com\/vi\/blogs\/how-3d-printing-solves-the-problem-of-high-scrap-rates-in-casting\/","title":{"rendered":"3D in \u1ea5n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c cao trong \u0111\u00fac nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o: C\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3"},"content":{"rendered":"
Ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac, l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Trong \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c cao gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \"chi ph\u00ed \u1ea9n\", kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa cao v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 in 3D) v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi cho s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c cao. Nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed<\/strong>v\u1edbico l\u1ea1i<\/strong>. L\u1ed7 kh\u00ed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do kh\u00ed (nh\u01b0 hydro, kh\u00ed t\u1eeb khu\u00f4n) b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f3t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng. Khi kh\u00ed h\u00f2a tan trong kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng do \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan gi\u1ea3m khi l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t ra k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed b\u00ean trong ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac. Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khi kim lo\u1ea1i co l\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 cao ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 b\u00f9 co, s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5m b\u00ean trong, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0c\u00e1t k\u1eb9p<\/strong>v\u1edbilo\u1ea1i sai<\/strong>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u00f5i c\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea3nh ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1eafp r\u00e1p v\u00e0 d\u00e1n l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o tr\u00ean l\u00f5i c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c d\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u00e1t l\u1eabn. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n chia khu\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed l\u00f5i c\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u1ec7ch khu\u00f4n, khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0L\u1ea1nh c\u00e1ch<\/strong>v\u1edbiv\u1ebft n\u1ee9t<\/strong>Khi t\u00ednh l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng k\u00e9m, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 r\u00f3t qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u00eanh r\u00f3t h\u1eb9p, hai d\u00f2ng kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c, s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ebft l\u1ea1nh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7c, n\u1ebfu b\u00ean trong v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac c\u00f3 \u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t nhi\u1ec7t khi co l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf kh\u00e2u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n g\u1ed7 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ed9p l\u00f5i kim lo\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 cao, v\u1edbi chu k\u1ef3 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o l\u1ea1i khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed b\u1ed5 sung cao v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u0169ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u00fac. Quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o khu\u00f4n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00fac nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn b\u00ean trong ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac r\u1ed7ng, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u00f5i c\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. 2<\/sup>Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p, hy sinh hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c k\u00eanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy tr\u00ecnh khoan, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c cao trong \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \"th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00fd\" truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00fac ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i sau khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra l\u1ed7i, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p r\u1ee7i ro cao v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a in 3D n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \"kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu\", t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \"th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00fd\" truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh \"x\u00e1c minh m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1\", chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ee7i ro sang giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a in 3D n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \"kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu\", \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p n\u00f3 b\u1ecf qua t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb CAD \u0111\u1ebfn khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t.<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 phun ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh (Binder Jetting) trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gia c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0y. Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u in c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ebd phun ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebft d\u00ednh l\u1ecfng l\u00ean l\u1edbp b\u1ed9t m\u1ecfng (nh\u01b0 c\u00e1t silic, c\u00e1t g\u1ed1m) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh CAD 3D. Th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft d\u00ednh t\u1eebng l\u1edbp, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 3D trong t\u1ec7p tin k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c l\u00f5i c\u00e1t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Do kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu\u00f4n trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0i gi\u1edd ho\u1eb7c v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, gi\u00fap th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \"in theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u\" v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u0110\u00fac nguy\u00ean kh\u1ed1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/strong> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1edbp ch\u1ed3ng l\u1edbp b\u1eb1ng in 3D mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u00f5i c\u00e1t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n trong quy tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn u\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3n b\u00ean trong \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac, m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p, d\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u0103n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ed1t c\u00e1t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1t l\u1eabn, sai l\u1ec7ch k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sai h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng do c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a in 3D kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c \"kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu\". N\u00f3 n\u00e2ng quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u k\u00edch s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi, cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c minh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd, bi\u1ebfn \"kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1\" th\u00e0nh \"d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u1ed1.<\/strong> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi in 3D, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n (FEM) ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f3t, b\u00f9 co v\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed, l\u1ed7 co ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a kim lo\u1ea1i l\u1ecfng trong k\u00eanh d\u1eabn, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f3t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ea7n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00e1t \u0111\u00fac xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc.<\/strong> Do \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eebng l\u1edbp, khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t in 3D c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fac. \u0110\u1ed9 tho\u00e1ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00ed sinh ra b\u00ean trong khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh r\u00f3t, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u1ed7 kh\u00ed do tho\u00e1t kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/strong> C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a in 3D trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khu\u00f4n \u0111\u00fac. C\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft khu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng in 3D kim lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c k\u00eanh l\u00e0m m\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vi\u1ec1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m m\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7 do co ng\u00f3t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khu\u00f4n c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m m\u00e1t theo h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chu k\u1ef3 \u00e9p phun l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 70%, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n T\u1eeb \"th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadt l\u00fd\" \u0111\u1ebfn \"d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ed1\".<\/strong> \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a in 3D l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \"th\u1eed v\u00e0 sai\" truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00fac sang \"s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n\". C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh kinh doanh. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \"s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p\" n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 in 3D d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fac truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cao nh\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng in 3D \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u00f5i c\u00e1t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7i nh\u1ea5t, sau \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang v\u1edbi khu\u00f4n c\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \"b\u1ed5 sung nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n L\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ti\u00ean phong v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gia c\u00f4ng b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, 3DPTEK \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 \"n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee9ng\" cho ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i do ch\u00ednh c\u00f4ng ty nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0M\u00e1y in c\u00e1t 3DP<\/strong>, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ecb th\u1ebf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c3DPTEK-J4000<\/a>V\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh si\u00eau l\u1edbn 4000\u00d72000\u00d71000 mm, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh cao tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc si\u00eau l\u1edbn n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u00fac c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 l\u1edbn th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n do gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0...<\/p>\n\n\n\n1.2 Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 \u201cchi ph\u00ed cao\u201d v\u00e0 \u201chi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p\u201d trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: In \u1ea5n 3D: Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
2.1 S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu: Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ebf ph\u1ea9m<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
2.2 T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00fac<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3: C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 San Di: \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00fac<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
3.1 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i: \"S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee9ng\" c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00fac khu\u00f4n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n